![]() If the input comes from a radio tuner, CD player, etc., the signal characteristics are usually such that they can be fed directly to the tone-control sections, by-passing the pre-amplifier circuit. The basic function of an audio pre-amplifier is that of modifying the input signal characteristics so that they give the level frequency response and nominal 100mV mean output amplitude needed to drive the amplifier’s tone-control system. Audio power amplifier circuits will be dealt with in a future episode of the series. A variety of practical pre-amplifier, tone-control, and associated circuits are described here. Its output is fed to the system’s final section - the audio power amplifier - which drives the loudspeakers. This section may contain additional filter circuits and gadgets, such as scratch and rumble filters, and audio mixer circuitry, etc. The second section is the tone-/volume-control block, which lets the user adjust the system’s frequency characteristics and output signal amplitude to suit personal tastes. It lets the user select the desired type of input signal source and applies an appropriate amount of amplification and frequency correction to the signal so that the resulting output signal is suitable for use by the second circuit block. The first section is the selector/pre-amplifier block. ![]() For most practical purposes, each channel of a stereo system can be broken down into three distinct circuit sections, or blocks, as shown in Figure 1. ![]() Transistor amplifiers have many useful applications in mono and stereo audio systems. This time, we'll show various ways of using bipolars in practical small-signal audio amplifier applications. Our last edition of the Transistor Cookbook series described practical ways of using bipolar transistors in simple, but useful common-emitter and common-base configurations. ![]()
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